170 research outputs found
Broadband Quantum Efficiency Enhancement in High Index Nanowires Resonators
Light trapping in sub-wavelength semiconductor nanowires (NWs) offers a
promising approach to simultaneously reducing material consumption and
enhancing photovoltaic performance. Nevertheless, the absorption efficiency of
a NW, defined by the ratio of optical absorption cross section to the NW
diameter, lingers around 1 in existing NW photonic devices, and the absorption
enhancement suffers from a narrow spectral width. Here, we show that the
absorption efficiency can be significantly improved in NWs with higher
refractive indices, by an experimental observation of up to 350% external
quantum efficiency (EQE) in lead sulfide (PbS) NW resonators, a 3-fold increase
compared to Si NWs. Furthermore, broadband absorption enhancement is achieved
in single tapered NWs, where light of various wavelengths is absorbed at
segments with different diameters analogous to a tandem solar cell. Overall,
the single NW Schottky junction solar cells benefit from optical resonance,
near bandgap open circuit voltage, and long minority carrier diffusion length,
demonstrating power conversion efficiency (PCE) comparable to single Si NW
coaxial p-n junction cells11, but with much simpler fabrication processes
The genus Sialis Latreille, 1802 (Megaloptera: Sialidae) in Palaearctic China, with description of a new species
The species of the genus Sialis from Palaearctic China are revised. Three species are described, including Sialis henanensis sp. n. A key to the males of the species of Sialis from Palaearctic China is presented
Providing Informative Nutrition Facts for Food Ordering
Online food ordering services provide little to no information regarding nutritional facts. This makes it difficult for customers to make decisions based on their nutrition and health needs. This disclosure describes an online food ordering service that provides users the nutritional facts of a food item prior to order placement. The information is provided via a suitable user interface of a website or app that enables the user to drill down further to obtain more granular information. If the user permits, prior orders of the users are used to provide periodic feedback regarding eating behavior and nutritional intake
On-the-fly machine learning for parametrization of the effective Hamiltonian
The first-principles-based effective Hamiltonian is widely used to predict
and simulate the properties of ferroelectrics and relaxor ferroelectrics.
However, the parametrization method of the effective Hamiltonian is complicated
and hardly can resolve the systems with complex interactions and/or complex
components. Here, we developed an on-the-fly machine learning approach to
parametrize the effective Hamiltonian based on Bayesian linear regression. The
parametrization is completed in molecular dynamics simulations, with the
energy, forces and stress predicted at each step along with their
uncertainties. First-principles calculations are executed when the
uncertainties are large to retrain the parameters. This approach provides a
universal and automatic way to compute the effective Hamiltonian parameters for
any considered systems including complex systems which previous methods can not
handle. BaTiO3 and Pb(Sc,Ta)O3 are taken as examples to show the accurateness
of this approach comparing with conventional first-principles parametrization
method.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figure
A Study on the Practice of Folk Dance Culture in Kindergarten
China is characterized by a long history of development and a rich and colorful national culture. Folk dance culture shines in the field of excellent traditional culture. However, the progress of social development has led to the gradual extinction of folk dance. Preschool education, as the beginning stage of education in a person’s life, is a favorable time to embrace folk dance culture. By integrating folk dance into the stage of preschool education, it is conducive to carry forward the traditional culture of the nation and fostering national self-confidence and national pride in children while passing on the excellent traditional culture. Therefore, it is urgent to explore the path of combining folk dance culture with early childhood education
Negative electrocaloric effect in nonpolar phases of perovskite over wide range of temperature
The electrocaloric effect (ECE) offers a promising alternative to the
traditional gas compressing refrigeration due to its high efficiency and
environmental friendliness. The unusual negative electrocaloric effect refers
to the adiabatic temperature drops due to application of electric field, in
contrast with the normal (positive) ECE, and provides ways to improve the
electrocaloric efficiency in refrigeration cycles. However, negative ECE is
unusual and requires a clear understanding of microscopic mechanisms. Here, we
found unexpected and extensive negative ECE in nonpolar orthorhombic,
tetragonal, and cubic phases of halide and oxide perovskite at wide range of
temperature by means of first-principle-based large scale Monte Carlo methods.
Such unexpected negative ECE originates from the octahedral tilting related
entropy change rather than the polarization entropy change under the
application of electric field. Furthermore, a giant negative ECE with
temperature change of 8.6 K is found at room temperature. This giant and
extensive negative ECE in perovskite opens up new horizon in the research of
caloric effects and broadens the electrocaloric refrigeration ways with high
efficiency.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figure
- …